Percent Dry Weight (Biomass) Increases for
300, 600 and 900 ppm Increases in the Air's CO2 Concentration:


For a more detailed description of this table, click here.

Betula pendula Roth [European White Birch]


Statistics
 
300 ppm
600 ppm
900 ppm
 Number of Results
33
 
 
 Arithmetic Mean
36.8%
 
 
 Standard Error
6.4%
 
 

Individual Experiment Results

Journal References
Experimental Conditions
300 ppm
600 ppm
900 ppm

Heath et al. (2005)
Well-watered seedlings grown for 15 months in vertical sections of 16-cm-diameter polyethylene tubes supplied with 10 liters of fertilized soil containing 2.5 g/liter of slow release Osmocote fertilizer, all located within several 4.5-m-diameter Solardomes
28%

 
 

Heath et al. (2005)
Well-watered seedlings grown for 15 months in vertical sections of 16-cm-diameter polyethylene tubes supplied with 10 liters of unfertilized soil, all located within several 4.5-m-diameter Solardomes
0%

 
 

Huttunen et al. (2007)
Well-watered seedlings in pots filled with peat with no added nitrogen (N) - grown within climate-controlled closed-top chambers from mid-June to October of 2002 at the Mekrijarvi Research Station of the University of Joensuu, Finland, at ambient air temperature
17%

 
 

Huttunen et al. (2007)
Well-watered seedlings in pots filled with peat at moderate nitrogen (N) fertility (130 kg N ha-1) - grown within climate-controlled closed-top chambers from mid-June to October of 2002 at the Mekrijarvi Research Station of the University of Joensuu, Finland, at ambient air temperature
32%

 
 

Huttunen et al. (2007)
Well-watered seedlings in pots filled with peat at high nitrogen (N) fertility (270 kg N ha-1) - grown within climate-controlled closed-top chambers from mid-June to October of 2002 at the Mekrijarvi Research Station of the University of Joensuu, Finland, at ambient air temperature
13%

 
 

Huttunen et al. (2007)
Well-watered seedlings in pots filled with peat with no added nitrogen (N) - grown within climate-controlled closed-top chambers from mid-June to October of 2002 at the Mekrijarvi Research Station of the University of Joensuu, Finland, at elevated air temperatures that were 2°C above ambient from June to August and 4°C above ambient for the remainder of the growing season
13%

 
 

Huttunen et al. (2007)
Well-watered seedlings in pots filled with peat at moderate nitrogen (N) fertility (130 kg N ha-1) - grown within climate-controlled closed-top chambers from mid-June to October of 2002 at the Mekrijarvi Research Station of the University of Joensuu, Finland, at elevated air temperatures that were 2°C above ambient from June to August and 4°C above ambient for the remainder of the growing season
40%

 
 

Huttunen et al. (2007)
Well-watered seedlings in pots filled with peat at high nitrogen (N) fertility (270 kg N ha-1) - grown within climate-controlled closed-top chambers from mid-June to October of 2002 at the Mekrijarvi Research Station of the University of Joensuu, Finland, at elevated air temperatures that were 2°C above ambient from June to August and 4°C above ambient for the remainder of the growing season
25%

 
 

Ineson et al. (1996)
FACE, root
67%

 
 

Ineson et al. (1996)
FACE, stem
16%

 
 

Kuokkanen et al. (2004)
Shoot biomass of seedlings grown for two growing seasons in closed-top chambers at ambient temperature
130%

 
 

Kuokkanen et al. (2004)
Shoot biomass of seedlings grown for two growing seasons in closed-top chambers at ambient temperature + 3°C
26%

 
 

Kuokkanen et al. (2004)
Root biomass of seedlings grown for two growing seasons in closed-top chambers at ambient temperature
80%

 
 

Kuokkanen et al. (2004)
Root biomass of seedlings grown for two growing seasons in closed-top chambers at ambient temperature + 3°C
22%

 
 

Lavola et al. (2000)
growth chambers inside greenhouse, no UV-B
11%

 
 

Lavola et al. (2000)
growth chambers inside greenhouse, elevated UV-B
14%

 
 

Mattson et al. (2004)
One-year-old seedlings grown in closed-top chambers for one summer and autumn in 0.3-dm3 pots containing an unfertilized commercial peat maintained at low soil nitrogen levels (0 kg N ha-1) and ambient temperatures
37%

 
 

Mattsonet al. (2004)
One-year-old seedlings grown in closed-top chambers for one summer and autumn in 0.3-dm3 pots containing an unfertilized commercial peat maintained at low soil nitrogen levels (150 kg N ha-1) and ambient temperatures
42%

 
 

Mattson et al. (2004)
One-year-old seedlings grown in closed-top chambers for one summer and autumn in 0.3-dm3 pots containing an unfertilized commercial peat maintained at low soil nitrogen levels (500 kg N ha-1) and ambient temperatures
56%

 
 

Mattson et al. (2004)
One-year-old seedlings grown in closed-top chambers for one summer and autumn in 0.3-dm3 pots containing an unfertilized commercial peat maintained at low soil nitrogen levels (0 kg N ha-1) and ambient + 3°C temperatures
7%

 
 

Mattson et al. (2004)
One-year-old seedlings grown in closed-top chambers for one summer and autumn in 0.3-dm3 pots containing an unfertilized commercial peat maintained at low soil nitrogen levels (150 kg N ha-1) and ambient + 3°C temperatures
45%

 
 

Mattson et al. (2004)
One-year-old seedlings grown in closed-top chambers for one summer and autumn in 0.3-dm3 pots containing an unfertilized commercial peat maintained at high soil nitrogen levels (500 kg N ha-1) and ambient + 3°C temperatures
73%

 
 

Rey and Jarvis (1997)
Plants grown from seed and watered and fertilized as deemed necessary, for the first year in pots and for three and a half more years rooted in the ground out-of-doors in open-top chambers
50%

 
 

Riikonen et al. (2004)
Seven-year-old saplings of Clones 4 grown outside in open-top chambers for 3 years in ambient concentrations of O3 and double-ambient CO2
-2%

 
 

Riikonen et al. (2004)
Seven-year-old saplings of Clones 4 grown outside in open-top chambers for 3 years in double-ambient concentrations of O3 and CO2
41%

 
 

Riikonen et al. (2004)
Seven-year-old saplings of Clones 80 grown outside in open-top chambers for 3 years in ambient concentrations of O3 and double-ambient CO2
33%

 
 

Riikonen et al. (2004)
Seven-year-old saplings of Clones 80 grown outside in open-top chambers for 3 years in double-ambient concentrations of O3 and CO2
40%

 
 

Esmeijer-Liu et al. (2009)
Two-year-old saplings grown for two additional years in 26-cm diameter x 22.5-cm high containers filled with poor heath soil within two greenhouse chambers at the following rate of nitrogen (N) deposition: very low (0 kg N ha-1)
-9%

 
 

Esmeijer-Liu et al. (2009)
Two-year-old saplings grown for two additional years in 26-cm diameter x 22.5-cm high containers filled with poor heath soil within two greenhouse chambers at the following rate of nitrogen (N) deposition: medium to high (50 kg N ha-1)
26%

 
 

Esmeijer-Liu et al. (2009)
Two-year-old saplings grown for two additional years in 26-cm diameter x 22.5-cm high containers filled with poor heath soil within two greenhouse chambers at the following rate of nitrogen (N) deposition: very high (100 kg N ha-1)
10%

 
 

Hoosbeek et al. (2011)
Seedlings grown for four years in a FACE experiment conducted out-of-doors near Bangor, Wales (UK)
25%

 
 

Smith et al. (2013)
Aboveground woody tissue produced by initially 60-cm-tall saplings grown out-of-doors for a period of four years (2005-2009) in a FACE study conducted at Bangor University, North Wales, UK
24%

 
 

Hao et al. (2018)
Total plant biomass after six months of CO2 enrichment of well-watered and fertilized plants grown in controlled environment chambers during their second full growing season
182%

 
 

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