Editorial
Uncertainties about Temporal Changes in Ocean Properties, their Effects on Sea Level, and What they Imply about Global Warming: The findings of a pair of recent articles in Science magazine suggest that the world's global ocean has not yet cast its vote -- either for or against -- the climate-alarmist claim that the world is experiencing significant CO2-induced global warming … or that if it has, the markings on the ballot are too illegible to decipher.

Subject Index Summaries
Medieval Warm Period (Africa): A topic of considerable current interest in climatic circles is the question of the global extent of the Medieval Warm Period and its degree of expression in various parts of the world.  Hence, we here briefly summarize what we have reported over the years with respect to what scientists have learned about the Medieval Warm Period in Africa.

Journal Reviews
Solar Activity, Clouds and Climate: Data and Concepts Evolve: As new data are constantly being acquired and more time and funds are expended in the search for a physical mechanism that can explain the many observed correlations between solar variability and climate change, one would expect we would be getting closer to a definitive assessment of the issue.  Are we?

Winter Cold and Warm Spells in Canada: One would probably expect there would be a net tendency for less frequent and shorter winter cold spells and more frequent and longer winter warm spells over the last half century in Canada.  And so there is, but the changes are not as dramatic as one might have anticipated.

Climate Cycles in China as Revealed by a Stalagmite from Buddha Cave: What do they tell us about the nature of the Modern Warm Period?  Is it highly unusual … or just a run-of-the-mill warm node of the millennial-scale climatic oscillation that unfailingly ushers the planet back and forth between Little Ice Age and Medieval Warm Period conditions?

Forest Biomass Changes on Barro Colorado Island, Panama: Are tropical forests carbon sources or carbon sinks?  Some say one, some say the other.  A new study of this question gives a tentative nod towards the answer of sinks.

Effects of Elevated CO2 on Tree Vulnerability to Embolism: Will the ongoing rise in the air's CO2 content lead to a greater propensity for interference with the normal flow of water through the stem xylem (conductive vessels) of oak trees?