Percent Photosynthesis (Net CO2 Exchange Rate) Increases for
300, 600 and 900 ppm Increases in the Air's CO2 Concentration:


For a more detailed description of this table, click here.

Triticum aestivum L. [Common Wheat]


Statistics
 
300 ppm
600 ppm
900 ppm
 Number of Results
92
 
4
 Arithmetic Mean
67.6%
 
79.8%
 Standard Error
10%
 
32.1%

Individual Experiment Results

Journal References
Experimental Conditions
300 ppm
600 ppm
900 ppm

Agrawal and Deepak (2003)
open-top chambers, Malviya 234 cultivar
73%

 
 

Agrawal and Deepak (2003)
open-top chambers, Malviya 234 cultivar, elevated SO2
53%

 
 

Agrawal and Deepak (2003)
open-top chambers, HP 1209 cultivar
60%

 
 

Agrawal and Deepak (2003)
open-top chambers, HP 1209 cultivar, elevated SO2
48%

 
 

Asif et al. (2020)
Net photosynthesis of 23-day-old plants grown hydroponically in a controlled environment using NH4+ as the nitrogen supply; cv Ceyhan-99
45%

 
 

Asif et al. (2020)
Net photosynthesis of 23-day-old plants grown hydroponically in a controlled environment using NO3- as the nitrogen supply; cv Ceyhan-99
52%

 
 

Asif et al. (2020)
Net photosynthesis of 23-day-old plants grown hydroponically in a controlled environment using NH4NO3 as the nitrogen supply; cv Ceyhan-99
47%

 
 

Asif et al. (2020)
Net photosynthesis of 23-day-old plants grown hydroponically in a controlled environment using urea as the nitrogen supply; cv Ceyhan-99
9%

 
 

Balaguer et al. (1995)
controlled environment chambers, low ozone
40%

 
 

Balaguer et al. (1995)
controlled environment chambers, high ozone
37%

 
 

Brooks et al. (2000)
FACE experiment, low nitrogen
12%

 
 

Brooks et al. (2000)
FACE experiment, high nitrogen
24%

 
 

Bunce (1998)
field pots, temperature 10°C
54%

 
 

Bunce (1998)
field pots, temperature above 30°C
99%

 
 

Christ and Korner (1995)
hydroponics, 2 and 3 October
74%

 
 

Christ and Korner (1995)
hydroponics, 8 and 9 October
130%

 
 

De Mothes and Knoppik (1994)
growth chamber
7%

 
 

Del Pozo et al. (2005)
Plants grown from seed in two different years out of doors in temperature gradient tunnels at ambient temperatures without an extra N application of 70 kg/ha
27%

 
 

Del Pozo et al. (2005)
Plants grown from seed in two different years out of doors in temperature gradient tunnels at ambient temperatures with an extra N application of 70 kg/ha
36%

 
 

Del Pozo et al. (2005)
Plants grown from seed in two different years out of doors in temperature gradient tunnels at elevated (ambient + 4°C) temperatures without an extra N application of 70 kg/ha
13%

 
 

Del Pozo et al. (2005)
Plants grown from seed in two different years out of doors in temperature gradient tunnels at elevated (ambient + 4°C) temperatures with an extra N application of 70 kg/ha
49%

 
 

Delgado et al. (1994)
controlled chambers in a glasshouse
9%

 
 

Dijkstra et al. (1999)
open-top chambers and field-tracking sun-lit climatized enclosures, late spring
34%

 
 

Dijkstra et al. (1999)
open-top chambers and field-tracking sun-lit climatized enclosures, end of season
20%

 
 

Du Cloux et al. (1989)
pots (1.45 liter)
56%

 
 

Evans (1986)
pots (15-cm)
31%

 
 

Garcia et al. (1998)
FACE
47%

 
 

Habash et al. (1995)
controlled environment chambers
38%

 
 

Hakala et al. (1999)
open-top chambers, ambient temperature
41%

 
 

Hakala et al. (1999)
open-top chambers, ambient + 3° C temperature
34%

 
 

Harnos et al. (2002)
open-top chambers, beginning of flowering
38%

 
 

Harnos et al. (2002)
open-top chambers, beginning of grain filling
140%

 
 

Harnos et al. (2002)
open-top chambers, beginning of grain filling, leaf level 1
138%

 
 

Harnos et al. (2002)
open-top chambers, beginning of grain filling, leaf level 2
34%

 
 

Harnos et al. (2002)
open-top chambers, beginning of grain filling, leaf level 3
682%

 
 

Harnos et al. (2002)
open-top chambers, beginning of grain filling, leaf level 4
520%

 
 

Havelka et al. (1984)
field, open-top chambers, flagleaf
 

 
52%

Li et al. (2003)
Grown from seed in controlled environment chambers in pots filled with 3 kg of loess soil 60 days after sowing; well-watered (85-100% field capacity), no extra N
7%

 
 

Li et al. (2003)
Grown from seed in controlled environment chambers in pots filled with 3 kg of loess soil 60 days after sowing; well-watered (85-100% field capacity), extra 100 µg N g-1
24%

 
 

Li et al. (2003)
Grown from seed in controlled environment chambers in pots filled with 3 kg of loess soil 60 days after sowing; well-watered (85-100% field capacity), extra 200 µg N g-1
39%

 
 

Li et al. (2003)
Grown from seed in controlled environment chambers in pots filled with 3 kg of loess soil 60 days after sowing; water-stressed (45-60% field capacity), no extra N
18%

 
 

Li et al. (2003)
Grown from seed in controlled environment chambers in pots filled with 3 kg of loess soil 60 days after sowing; water-stressed (45-60% field capacity), extra 100 µg N g-1
83%

 
 

Li et al. (2003)
Grown from seed in controlled environment chambers in pots filled with 3 kg of loess soil 60 days after sowing; water-stressed (45-60% field capacity), extra 200 µg N g-1
64%

 
 

Li et al. (2019)
Net photosynthesis of plants grown in pots in controlled environment chambers under normal nitrogen application; cv Lianmai6
9%

 
 

Li et al. (2019)
Net photosynthesis of plants grown in pots in controlled environment chambers under twice the normal nitrogen application; cv Lianmai6
16%

 
 

Liu et al. (2002)
field, Jingdong 8 cultivar
143%

 
 

Liu et al. (2002)
field, Nongda 139 cultivar
73%

 
 

Liu et al. (2002)
field, Yanda 1817 cultivar
63%

 
 

Martinez-Carrasco et al. (2005)
Photosynthesis of flag leaves of plants grown in the field in temperature (T) gradient tunnels in a Mediterranean environment at ambient T to the beginning of anthesis
9%

 
 

Martinez-Carrasco et al. (2005)
Photosynthesis of flag leaves of plants grown in the field in temperature (T) gradient tunnels in a Mediterranean environment at ambient T + 4°C to the beginning of anthesis
40%

 
 

Martinez-Carrasco et al. (2005)
Photosynthesis of flag leaves of plants grown in the field in temperature (T) gradient tunnels in a Mediterranean environment at ambient temperature and low nitrogen fertilizer (80 kg N/hectare) nine days after anthesis
117%

 
 

Martinez-Carrasco et al. (2005)
Photosynthesis of flag leaves of plants grown in the field in temperature (T) gradient tunnels in a Mediterranean environment at ambient temperature and high nitrogen fertilizer (120 kg N/hectare) nine days after anthesis
17%

 
 

Martinez-Carrasco et al. (2005)
Photosynthesis of flag leaves of plants grown in the field in temperature (T) gradient tunnels in a Mediterranean environment at ambient temperature plus 4°C and low nitrogen fertilizer (80 kg N/hectare) nine days after anthesis
-22%

 
 

Martinez-Carrasco et al. (2005)
Photosynthesis of flag leaves of plants grown in the field in temperature (T) gradient tunnels in a Mediterranean environment at ambient temperature plus 4°C and high nitrogen fertilizer (120 kg N/hectare) nine days after anthesis
34%

 
 

McMaster et al. (1999)
growth chambers, tillering stage
40%

 
 

McMaster et al. (1999)
growth chambers, booting stage
34%

 
 

McMaster et al. (1999)
growth chambers, grain filling stage
34%

 
 

Mitchell et al. (1999)
open-top chambers
48%

 
 

Monje and Bugbee (1998)
hydroponic chambers
 

 
13%

Osborne et al. (1998)
FACE, flag leaf
38%

 
 

Osborne et al. (1998)
FACE, 8th leaf
103%

 
 

Osborne et al. (1998)
FACE, 7th leaf
400%

 
 

Pal et al. (2005)
Plants grown for 40 days in pots within open-top-chambers at low (75 kg/ha) soil nitrogen application
65%

 
 

Pal et al. (2005)
Plants grown for 40 days in pots within open-top-chambers at normal (150 kg/ha) soil nitrogen application
84%

 
 

Pal et al. (2005)
Plants grown for 90 days in pots within open-top-chambers at low (75 kg/ha) soil nitrogen application
29%

 
 

Pal et al. (2005)
Plants grown for 90 days in pots within open-top-chambers at normal (150 kg/ha) soil nitrogen application
47%

 
 

Pandurangam et al. (2006)
Plant cultivar HD 2329 grown from seed to maturity under normal field conditions within open-top chambers; measurements made at anthesis stage
25%

 
 

Pandurangam et al. (2006)
Plant cultivar DL 1266-5 grown from seed to maturity under normal field conditions within open-top chambers; measurements made at anthesis stage
29%

 
 

Perchorowicz and Jensen (1983)
pots (6-oz), moderate light
 

 
69%

Perchorowicz and Jensen (1983)
pots (6-oz), high light
 

 
185%

Santruckova et al. (1999)
Grown hydroponically in growth chambers for 34 days; pre-tillering; cv. Ritmo
99%

 
 

Santruckova et al. (1999)
Grown hydroponically in growth chambers for 34 days; tillering; cv. Ritmo
75%

 
 

Santruckova et al. (1999)
Grown hydroponically in growth chambers for 34 days; post-tillering; cv. Ritmo
143%

 
 

Sicher and Bunce (1997)
Plants grown from seed to maturity in field within open-top chambers (1995, day of year 109); cv. Coker
51%

 
 

Sicher and Bunce (1997)
Plants grown from seed to maturity in field within open-top chambers (1995, day of year 123); cv. Coker
14%

 
 

Sicher and Bunce (1997)
Plants grown from seed to maturity in field within open-top chambers (1996, day of year 113); cv. Coker
73%

 
 

Sicher and Bunce (1997)
Plants grown from seed to maturity in field within open-top chambers (1996, day of year 144); cv. Coker
11%

 
 

Srivastava et al. (2002)
open-top chambers, vegetative state,
early morning
150%

 
 

Srivastava et al. (2002)
open-top chambers, vegetative state, afternoon
32%

 
 

Srivastava et al. (2002)
open-top chambers, vegetative state,
late afternoon
40%

 
 

Srivastava et al. (2002)
open-top chambers, flowering state,
early morning
130%

 
 

Srivastava et al. (2002)
open-top chambers, flowering state, afternoon
28%

 
 

Srivastava et al. (2002)
open-top chambers, flowering state,
late afternoon
0%

 
 

Thilakarathne et al. (2015)
Mean results of diurnal gas-exchange measurements made on source leaf blades of two different cultivars of rain-fed plants growing at the Australian Grain Free Air CO2 Enrichment (AGFACE) facility located 7 km west of Horsham, Victoria, Australia, which were conducted at two-hour intervals throughout the entire growing season; cv. H45
74%

 
 

Thilakarathne et al. (2015)
Mean results of diurnal gas-exchange measurements made on source leaf blades of two different cultivars of rain-fed plants growing at the Australian Grain Free Air CO2 Enrichment (AGFACE) facility located 7 km west of Horsham, Victoria, Australia, which were conducted at two-hour intervals throughout the entire growing season; cv. Yitpi
181%

 
 

Tiedemann and Firsching (2000)
controlled environment chambers,
non-inocculated, ambient ozone
33%

 
 

Tiedemann and Firsching (2000)
controlled environment chambers,
non-inocculated, high ozone
47%

 
 

Tiedemann and Firsching (2000)
controlled environment chambers, inocculated, ambient ozone
25%

 
 

Tiedemann and Firsching (2000)
controlled environment chambers, inocculated, high ozone
53%

 
 

Wang et al. (2008)
Photosynthesis of well watered and fertilized plants grown from seed at their optimal daytime temperature for about six weeks in growth chambers within 5-L pots filled with a 1:1:1 mixture of top-soil, sand and perlite
8%

 
 

Wu et al. (2002)
open-top chambers, low soil water
41%

 
 

Wu et al. (2002)
open-top chambers, medium soil water
103%

 
 

Wu et al. (2002)
open-top chambers, high soil water
83%

 
 

Yu et al. (2004)
Plants growing in the field in the North China Plain
43%

 
 

Zhu et al. (2008)
Flag leaf photosynthesis of plants in a FACE study during the grain-filling stage
34%

 
 

Zhu et al. (2008)
Ear photosynthesis of plants in a FACE study during the grain-filling stage
84%

 
 

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